Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Formal language: a language that usually consist of a set of symbols (icons for a defined domain of objects) and rules regarding their linkage. Purposes of formalization are brevity, uniqueness and versatility in applications like programming, automation, mathematics et al. See also domains, symbols, signs, language, recursion, rules, systems._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Alfred Tarski on Formal Language - Dictionary of Arguments
Berka I 458 Formal language/Tarski: in a formal language the meaning of each term is uniquely determined by its shape. I 459 Variables: variables have no independent meaning. - Statements remain statements after translation into everyday language. Variable/Tarski: variables represent for us always names of classes of individuals. >Class name. Berka I 461 Formal language/terminology/abbreviations/spelling/Tarski: here: the studied language (object language). Symbols: N, A, I, P: negation, alternation, inclusion, quantifier - metalanguage: Symbols ng (negation), sm (sum = alternation), in (inclusion) - this is the language in which the examination is performed. ng, sm, etc. correspond to the colloquial expressions ((s) the formal symbols N, A, etc. do not). I 464 E.g. object language: Example expression: Nixi, xll: - meta language: translation of this expression: (structural-descriptive name, symbolic expression): name: "((ng ^ in) ^ v1) ^ v2" - but: see below: difference name/translation.(1) >Structural-descriptive name, >Quotation name, >Metalanguage. 1. A.Tarski, Der Wahrheitsbegriff in den formalisierten Sprachen, Commentarii Societatis philosophicae Polonorum. Vol 1, Lemberg 1935 --- Horwich I 112 Formal language/Tarski: in it all assertible sentences are theorems. - There may be a language with exactly specified structure, which is not formalized. - Then the assertibility may depend on extra-linguistic factors.(2) >Assertibility. 2. A. Tarski, The semantic Conceptions of Truth, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 4, pp. 341-75_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Tarski I A. Tarski Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics: Papers from 1923-38 Indianapolis 1983 Berka I Karel Berka Lothar Kreiser Logik Texte Berlin 1983 Horwich I P. Horwich (Ed.) Theories of Truth Aldershot 1994 |
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> Counter arguments against Tarski
> Counter arguments in relation to Formal Language
Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-28